Effect of pamelo orange (Citrus maxima) peel ethanol extract on burn healing in white rats (Rattus novergicus)

Sukmawati; Andi Maulana  Kamri; Nur Syahira Atika  Eni

doi:10.51511/pr.54

Sukmawati Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar City, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5470-2732
Andi Maulana Kamri Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar City, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6972-3130
Nur Syahira Atika Eni Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar City, Indonesia

Keywords: burns, citrus maxima, healing, pamelo orange peel, wound diameter

Abstract

Burns are injuries resulting from tissue damage caused by contact with a heat source. The ethanol extract of pamelo orange peel (Citrus maxima) contains alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins, which have been shown to enhance wound healing by accelerating epithelialization. This study aimed to evaluate the effect and determine the most effective concentration of ethanol extract of pamelo orange peel on burn wound healing in white rats. Sixteen rats were divided into four groups: a negative control group treated with 1% CMC-Na, two treatment groups receiving 3% and 6% ethanol extract of pamelo orange peel, and a positive control group treated with Lanakeloid-E®. Burns were induced on the rats' backs using a hot plate, followed by topical treatment for 21 days. Wound area measurements were taken on days 1, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 21 using a caliper. The results indicated that the ethanol extract of pamelo orange peel significantly promoted wound healing in the treated rats. Both the 3% and 6% concentrations reduced wound diameter, with the 3% concentration proving to be the most effective, achieving an 86.86% wound healing rate. The effectiveness of the extract is likely due to the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins.

References

Markiewicz-Gospodarek A, Kozioł M, Tobiasz M, Baj J, Radzikowska-Büchner E, Przekora A. Burn Wound Healing: Clinical Complications, Medical Care, Treatment, and Dressing Types: The Current State of Knowledge for Clinical Practice. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031338

Handayani, Esstrin; Mashitoh R. Silver Sulfadiazine untuk Penyembuhan Luka Bakar. Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang Press. 2021.

Marhawati M. Analisis Karakteristik dan Tingkat Pendapatan Usahatani Jeruk Pamelo Di Kabupaten Pangkep. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pendidikan. 2019;2(2):39. https://doi.org/10.26858/jekpend.v2i2.9969

Roska TP, Sahati S, Fitrah AD, Juniarti N, Djide N. Efek Sinergitas Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk (Citrus sinensis L) Pada Patch Bioselulosa Dalam Meningkatkan Penyembuhan Luka Bakar. Jurnal Farmasi Galenika. 2018;4(2):87-92. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2018.v4.i2.10472

Kurnianto S, Kisnanto, Padoli. Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Pada Tikus Putih Dengan Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica) 25% Dan Ekstrak Daun Petai Cina (Leucaena leucocephala) 30%. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan. 2022;10(1):1-52. https://doi.org/10.33086/jhs.v10i2.137

Priamsari MR, Yuniawati NA. Skrining Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Ekstrak Etanolik Morinda citrifolia L. pada Kulit Kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Jurnal Farmasi (Journal of Pharmacy). 2019;8(1, Oktober):22-8. https://doi.org/10.37013/jf.v1i8.76

Ilham NM, Endrinaldi D. Archives Efek Pemberian Salep Ekstrak Katekin Gambir (Uncaria gambir R.) Terhadap Reepitelisasi dalam Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Derajat II Tikus (Rattus novergicus) pada Fase Proliferasi. Archives Pharmacia. 2021;3:58.

Putra, B and Rahman, S. Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Kayu Jawa (Lannea coromandelic (Houtt.) Merr.) Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus). As-Syifaa Jurnal Farmasi. 2020;12(2):158-63. https://doi.org/10.33096/jifa.v12i2.720

Ismail, R., Supriati, H.S. and Raun, N.H. Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Mete (Anacardium occidentale L.) sebagai Analgetik pada Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus).Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan, 2020; 4(2): 42. https://doi.org/10.57214/jusika.v4i2.177

Santoso, A.B., Hariningsih, Y. and Ayuwardani, N. Pengaruh Kombinasi Gelling Agent Carbopol 934 dan Natrium Carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) terhadap Stabilitas Fisik Gel Getah Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) sebagai Penyembuh Luka Inisisi. Duta Pharma Journal. 2022; 2(1): 8-24. https://doi.org/10.47701/djp.v2i1.1282

Zahra, E.H.R., Maifritrianti and Harsodjo, S. Aktivitas Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Fraksi Esktrak Etanol 96% Daun Cocor Bebek (Kalanchoe pinnata). Farmasains. 2017; 4(1): 1-7.

Darmalaksana IGN, Sudimantini LM, Jayawarditha AAG, Dada IKA. Gerusan Daun Pegagan Mempercepat Kesembuhan Luka Bakar pada Tikus Putih. Buletin Veteriner Udayana. 2018;10(2):137. https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2018.v10.i02.p06

Suriawanto N, Setyawati Evi., Narwan. Pengaruh Pemberiaan Ekstrak Propolis Lebah Tanpa Sengat Pada Penyembuhaan Luka Bjkar Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus). Bioteknologi dan Biosains Indonesia .2021;8(1). https://doi.org/10.29122/jbbi.v8i1.4585

Ulupalu, F.F.M., Azizah, R.N., and Sukmawati. Potential Pegagan Leaves (Centella asiatica (L.)) as Burn Healer and Antibacterial Against Staphylococcus aureus. Journal Microbiology Science. 2022; 2 (2): 17-26. https://doi.org/10.56711/jms.v2i2.862